The impact of social status inconsistency on cardiovascular risk factors, myocardial infarction and stroke in the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND Social inequalities in cardiovascular diseases are well documented. Yet, the relation of social status inconsistency (having different ranks in two or more status indicators like education, occupational position or income) and medical conditions of heart or vessels is not clear. Status inconsistency (SI) is assumed to be stressful, and the association of psychosocial distress and health is well known. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the relationship between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and status inconsistency. Another target was to assess the influence of behaviour related risk factors on this association. METHODS 8960 men and 6070 women, aged 45-65 years, from the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) were included. Socio-economic status was assessed by education/vocational training and occupational position at recruitment. During a median follow-up of 8.7 years, information on CVD was collected. RESULTS Compared to status consistent subjects, men who were in a higher occupational position than could be expected given their educational attainment had a nearly two-fold increased incidence of CVD (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.5; 2.4, adjusted for age). Smoking behaviour and BMI differed significantly between those who had adequate occupational positions and those who did not. Yet, these lifestyle factors, as opposed to age, did not contribute to the observed differences in CVD. No association of cardiovascular diseases and status inconsistency was found for women or in cases where education exceeded occupational position. CONCLUSIONS Status inconsistent men (occupational position > education) had a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases than status consistent men. However, harmful behaviour did not explain this relationship.
منابع مشابه
Author's response to reviews Title: The impact of social status inconsistency on cardiovascular risk factors, myocardial infarction and stroke in the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort Authors:
متن کامل
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Reperfusion Therapy and Mortality in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Elderly and Middle-ages
Objectives The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is different in the elderly and middle-aged. Therefore the present study aims to compare the prevalence of risk factors affecting ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), type of treatment, and mortality rate in these two groups. Methods & Materials This retrospective cohort study included 1 071 elderly and middle-aged ST-elevation my...
متن کاملComparison of Risk Factors Prevalence, Type of Therapy and Mortality Due to Myocardial Infarction in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Elderly: Results from Cohort Study
Objectives: Elder Myocardial infarction diabetic patients are vulnerable, considering the importance of this issue, our aim in this study was to compare the prevalence of risk factors, type of reperfusion therapy and mortality of elderly MI patients in diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Methods: The present study is a cohort and its participants included 1460 elderly patients who were admitted ...
متن کاملThe streptokinase therapy complications and its associated risk factors in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the main leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Despite the progress in the treatment of AMI, streptokinase is still being used in many countries. Because of the critical condition of patients with AMI and complications of streptokinase therapy, this study was performed to evaluate the pattern of adverse drug reaction (ADRs) induced by streptokina...
متن کاملAssociations of dietary calcium intake and calcium supplementation with myocardial infarction and stroke risk and overall cardiovascular mortality in the Heidelberg cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC-Heidelberg).
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that a higher calcium intake might favourably modify cardiovascular risk factors. However, findings of an ultimately decreased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are limited. Instead, recent evidence warns that taking calcium supplements might increase myocardial infarction (MI) risk. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the associations of dietary calcium in...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 11 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011